Career Planning Methodology Marketing Executive Free Essay Example, 3000 words

Career planning methodology is a guide that directs how one will be able to achieve their dream career(Leslie, 2002). It is a series of steps that one is willing to go through so as to achieve their final objective. In essence, for to be a Marketing Executive, there are ladders that one needs to climb in order to get there. It is not a position that can be attained overnight. Continuous effort must be placed so as to achieve it. My personal career plan consists of several stages. These stages are crucial in the sense that they will offer invaluable experience needed to handle the demands of such a position. They are also beneficial in boosting one s interpersonal skills, communication skills, creativity, among other useful competencies. These steps are as following; Working in as a salesperson in a reputable organization. Once I clear my undergraduate studies, I will seek to be employed as a salesperson. A salesperson is one of the lower ranks in any business organization. However, it will be necessary for me to start at this level since the position requires more or less a qualified academic background. We will write a custom essay sample on Career Planning Methodology: Marketing Executive or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page It is a series of steps that one is willing to go through so as to achieve their final objective. In essence, for to be a Marketing Executive, there are ladders that one needs to climb in order to get there. It is not a position that can be attained overnight. Continuous effort must be placed so as to achieve it. My personal career plan consists of several stages. These stages are crucial in the sense that they will offer invaluable experience needed to handle the demands of such a position. They are also beneficial in boosting one s interpersonal skills, communication skills, creativity, among other useful competencies. These steps are as following; Working in as a salesperson in a reputable organization. Once I clear my undergraduate studies, I will seek to be employed as a salesperson. A salesperson is one of the lower ranks in any business organization. However, it will be necessary for me to start at this level since the position requires more or less a qualified academic background. Experience in such as apposition is often not necessary and that is part of the reason I can easily qualify for such a role. Additionally, the position will also offer me invaluable experience and knowledge to tackle various situations. For instance, my interpersonal communication skills will be improved since a salesperson deals directly with customers on a day to day basis. I will also get the opportunity to apply what I learnt in college in the field hence benefiting from the courses I undertook. My ability to handle disappoints and other field challenges will also be improved since such occurrences are normal when working as a salesperson. Working in a marketing research company. After working as a salesperson for approximately one and a half year, I will seek employment as a market researcher at a reputable company. By this time, my communication and confidence level will be improved, therefore, opening up to new challenges in the marketing dep artment.

The Defense Of Depth Strategy Essay - 1217 Words

This paper explores two references that report the Defense in Depth Strategy created by Intel in order to be better prepared for a possible network attack. According to the website â€Å"Defense in Depth Strategy Optimizes Security† Intel created the strategy by developing a solution broken out into four separate categories: â€Å"Prediction† which prepares the organization for possible attacks as well as what kind that may happen. The second category being â€Å"Prevention† allows ways that could prevent the attack by being prepared. The third category is â€Å"Detection† allows the organization to receive an alert if there is a possible attack. Finally, the fourth being â€Å"Response†. This strategy provides the time needed to respond to a possible attack. Due to these strategies, there has been a reduction in attacks. The website â€Å"Security Awareness - Implementing an Effective Strategy† (2002), IT Security Mangers will need to be ef fective when implementing the above named strategies. Establishing security needs as well as providing security awareness training to employees. Keywords: Intel Information Technology, security, defense, strategy The company Intel IT Department established a â€Å"Defense in Depth Strategy† which will assist in forecasting future network attacks. This strategy is made up of four departments: prediction, prevention, detection and response teams. Each team focuses on the various areas that are needed in order to prepare, anticipate, uncover and react if there is aShow MoreRelatedEssay On Defense-In-Depth Strategy1218 Words   |  5 Pagesthere needs to be strong defense-in-depth strategies in place. Although they may be strong defense-in-depth strategies, vulnerabilities may be present and used as an advantage point for hackers to gain access to the network. Defense-in-depth strategies will help create risk management to assess certain risks that may be proven as detrimental to a network. The idea behind defense in depth is to manage risk with diverse defensive strategies, so that if one layer of defense turns out to be inadequateRead MoreIntel Defense On Depth Strategy Analysis1082 Words   |  5 PagesIntel Defense in Depth Strategy Analysis Introduction As information systems become progressively more complex, attackers also develop increasingly sophisticated attacks that threaten the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of these systems. Consequently, Information Technology (IT) security has become crucial to the survivability of the business. Companies may choose to employ safeguards to protect themselves from such threats, but what happens if these controls fail? Incident ResponseRead MoreAn Effective Defense Mechanism Within The Organization s It Framework972 Words   |  4 Pageshaving an effective defense mechanism in place is a much viable option than to be reactive to threats. This also makes sense from a business perspective. Companies want their IT investments to further their business goals and not to be constrained too much by focusing heavily on IT security, which could potentially lead to an increase in operational costs to tackle security issues. This executive summary will focus on the â€Å"Defense in depth† which is a comprehensive security strategy that helps preventRead MoreAn Effective Defense Mechanism Within The Organization s It Framework975 Words   |  4 Pageshaving an effective defense mechanism in place is a much viable option than to be reactive to threats. This also makes sense from a business perspective. Companies want their IT investments to further their business goals and not to be constrained too much by focusing heavily on IT security, which could potentially lead to an increase in operational costs to tackle security issues. This executive summary will focus on the â€Å"Defense in Depth† which is a comprehensive security strategy that helps preventRead MoreThe Risks Of A Risk Assessment1025 Words   |  5 Pagessafeguards. Many administrations accomplish risk valuations to ration the quantity of hazards that could affect their association, and recognize methods to diminish these menaces before a chief catastrophe occurs. Department of Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) monitors strategies and guidelines administered by procedures by which the association evaluates and accomplishes coverage to hazards. Security is separated in three chief regions: Corporeal safety contains admission to the erection, workplacesRead MoreHardware Design Practices For Modern Hardware1127 Words   |  5 Pagesphilosophy for the solution to hardware vulnerabilities is as follows: hardware attacks fundamentally require hardware defenses and defenses implemented by hardware need to adhere to hardware constraints (i.e. low power, low area footprint, low design and verification, and low performance impact). Keeping this philosophy in mind, Sethumadhavan et all postulated that, using a defense-in-depth approach, hardware can be protected against attacks that may include: malicious designers, a global conspiracy ofRead MoreDesign And The Technologies Used1221 Words   |  5 PagesIn depth defense network design. ïÆ'Ëœ Design a defense in depth network. Research the latest technology such as firewalls, IDS, IPS, VPN, Virus Protection, and Malware Protection. Describe your design and the technologies used. Defend your design and provide a logical diagram of the system. When it comes to network defense, there is never a safe zone where a network is prone to attacks, which is why it is always a good idea to make use of the in-depth strategic defense. This is a coordinated use ofRead MoreDesign And Implementation Of A Defense Security Perimeter System1441 Words   |  6 PagesDesign and Implementation of a Defense Security Perimeter System Network security is becoming an increasingly important concern for small and midsize companies. A breach in internal or external security can severely damage a company’s most important operations, hampering productivity, compromising data integrity, reducing customer confidence, disrupting revenue flow, and bringing communications to a halt. This paper examines some of the new security challenges that confront small and midsize businessesRead MoreEssay about Network Security Monitoring Tools873 Words   |  4 Pagesnetwork defense, and these tools are often relied upon for protecting against increasingly sophisticated, stealthy, and damaging attacks. When acting alone, the current generation of security devices has an exceedingly difficult time providing an effective defense against such threats, and the situation is particularly grim for targeted or novel attacks. It has been demonstrated that a number of interoperable systems must be implemented to fully protect a network; a strategy known as Defense in DepthRead MoreManaging Information Security Risk Of A Cyber Attack804 Words   |  4 Pagesthe SP 800-39, AAE could utilize one of five strategies to respond to risk. It could choose to: 1) accept risks, 2) avoid risks, 3) transfer/share the risks, 4) mitigate the risks, or 5) avoid the risks. Following are the responses and strategies generated by the register: Risk 1 - Cyber Attack (Global_1): Mitigate - C3J recommends AAE to use the defense in-depth approach to security to mitigate the risk of a cyber-attack. Essentially, defense in-depth involves employing multiple security systems

Affects Germination Container Growth Media â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Affects Germination Container Growth Media? Answer: Introducation The process of composting is a biological term used to describe the process of organic decomposition under certain controlled aerobic conditions. The compost under consideration is made up of backyard and household organic waste which after maturity is used in container growth media top help in the germination of plants grown in the container. The mature compost for this research will be used in the germination container where vegetables are grown so as to determine the effects of the mature compost on the germination in the growth media. During the process of composting, there is a breakdown and transformation of organic waste by aerobic micro-organisms into complex organic substances. A mature composed changes the following properties of the soil in the container growth media which in turn affects the germination of the plants: Chemical Properties: There is an observable change in the pH of the compost as it attains its maturity which is as a result of break-down and formation of organic acids through processes of nitrification and ammonification. The rise in the pH provides a conducive condition for the germination of seeds in the container growth media(Manser, 2013, p. 147). Physical Properties: Some of the physical properties of the container growth media that will be improved when mature compost is on it applied include the temperature of the soil, the moisture content of the soil, and soil aeration. These physical properties are improved by the application of the mature compost in the container growth media. The composted manure approves the water holding capacity of the soil making water to be available for the seeds during the germination process(Christensen, 2015, p. 214). Biological Properties: The biological activities that take place in the compost as performed by the enzymes such as arylsulphatase, phosphatase, glucosidase, urease, and dehydrogenase. These enzymes are responsible for breaking down of large substances into a form which can be absorbed by the seeds to assist in germination(Epstein, 2016, p. 158). Effects of Mature Compost on Germination Mature composed has more advantages than the natural soil in the container growth media such as recycling of biosolid waste, the slower rate of mineralization, and reduced volume. The mature composed will be involved in the supplying the seeds germinating with nutrients and organic matter. The organic matter is very critical in the improving of biological, chemical and psychology properties of the soil in which the seeds will be germinating in. The structure of the soil in the container can be improved through bidding between the clay particles and the organic matter by cation bridges and by root growth and microbial activity stimulation(Gold, 2014, p. 168). The organic matter can also improve the structure of the soil indirectly by improving the activities of the microorganisms and hence production of fungal hyphae and microbial slimes which binds the aggregates together. The organic matter is an important nutrients reservoir and has the ability to retain the nutrients which will be used in the germination of seeds in the container. The mature compost will also be important improving the water holding capability of the soil and water availability for the germinating seeds. The compost has also prevented the nutrients from leaching, reducing evaporation and erosion, preventing diseases that might attack the seeds before germination or during the process of germination(Haug, 2011, p. 178). The compost also releases fertilisers slowly for a long duration which will help the seeds during the process of germination until they seeds will grow to maturity. The application of compost affects the level of pH. A mature compost normally has alkaline or neutral pH, an addition of compost from manure will lead to decrease or increase on pH of the soil. A good soil structure favours the movement of gasses and water in the soils and proper growth of roots of the germinating seeds. The introduction of mature compost improves the level of Gram-positive bacterial which helps in soil denitrification by improving the density of ammonia in the soil(Heribert, 2012, p. 154). Schematic diagram of compost mineralization after being applied on germination in growth container media(Parr, 2014, p. 165). The application of the matures compost in the germination container also have some negative effects on the germinating seeds such as reduction in the level of nitrogen in the soil, inhibit the germination of seeds, and nuisance or unpleasant odour. Methods of Application of Composts The two common methods that can be used in applying mature composts in germination in container growth media include mulching and incorporation. In the process of compost incorporation, there is an increase in soil microbes accessibility and also contact with the roots of plants hence affecting the carbon and nitrogen in the soil. Mulching can be used in dry areas where there if fear of water loss through the process of evaporation(Kerr, 2010, p. 168). Personnel Involved The projects will need three individuals to perform the work effectively. The research team will involve two laboratory technicians and one scientist. Table 1 below shows an outline of the tasks required for every member of the research team: TASK SCIENTIST TECH 1 TECH 2 Order seeds of beans and two container growth media which contain sandy soil and enough moisture content together with mature compost Yes Yes Mix one of the container growth media with mature compost in a correct proportion after planting the seeds and the other container should not be mixed with mature compost but just planting the bean seeds alone. Yes Yes Yes Observe the rate of germination of the seeds daily in container mixed with mature compost and the other without mature compost Yes Yes Note which seeds in the container developed parts like epicotyl, radicle, and hypocotyl Yes Yes Yes Record the data on which container germinated faster and at what rate did the germinating seeds develop its parts Yes Yes Yes Analyse data and make conclusion Yes The technician will be involved in the collection of beans seeds and mature compost since it is possible for them to have access to mature compost due to their involvement in compost preparations. The mixing of container growth media with mature compost involves the skills investigation and analyses which will be critical in the determination of the correct ration of soil and compost to be used. The data analysis and making conclusion will be specifically done by the scientist who is required to have skills like analysing, evaluation, classification, comparing, and contrasting(Silver, 2012, p. 192). Methodology This section of methodology outlines the stages required in conducting the research on how the compost maturity affects the germination in container growth media for Australian farmers, a description of the procedure of testing and the equipment and tools required to complete the research. The equipment and materials are shown in the table below: Table 2: The summary of materials needed ITEM DESCRIPTION 2 Container growth media of volume 55L These containers are where the seeds will be planted in for germination to take place. The containers will be labelled container 1 and container 2, one of which has compost and the other lacking. Beans Seeds These are seeds which will be planted on container 1 and container 2 and their rate of germination observed. Mature compost That would be mixed with container growth media of container 1. Water Will be used in regulating the moisture content of both container 1 and container 2. Table 3: Summary of equipment needed ITEM USAGE Magnifying glass To expand the parts of the germinating seeds for proper analysis Shovel Mixing the mature compost with the container growth media scalpel For dissecting the germinating seeds to find out the parts that have been developed by the germinating seeds Micrometre screw gauge For measuring the parts developed by the germinating seeds Step 1: Two containers of volume 55L are filled with clay soil and the first one labelled container 1 and the second one labelled container 2. Both of the containers are made to be a media of germination through ensuring that the soil is at the right pH and moisture content. The seeds to be used should also be tested to ensure that they have the ability to germinate. The mature compost was gotten from the already prepared compost pit and ready for utilization. Container 1 was mixed with the mature compost it the right ratio of 1 shovel of clay soil to 1 shovel of compost. Container 1 was not mixed with mature compost rather was left with only germination media of clay soil, moisture, oxygen, and sunlight(Redwood, 2013, p. 157). Step 2: The beans seeds were then planted in both container 1 and container 2 and both the containers exposed to right conditions for germination to take place. These conditions include sunlight, oxygen, and moisture. Step 4: After 24 hours, the seeds were observed in the rates of germination of the seeds in container 1 and container 2. The observation was majorly focused on the development of parts of the seeds which include cotyledon, hypocotyl, radicle, and epicotyl. The observation and measurement of these parts were done after every 24 hours and the data recorded(Silver, 2012, p. 201). Step 5: The dimension of the developed parts of the germinating seeds were measured using the micrometre screw gauge during the early stage of developments to find out which container have the germinating seeds with faster development of cotyledon, hypocotyl, radicle, and epicotyl(Stoffella, 2015, p. 236). Step 6: The results gotten from the evaluation of the germination rate in both container 1 and container 2 were analysed depending on the rate of growth of cotyledon, hypocotyl, radicle, and epicotyl. Results And Analysis The results of the number of seeds which germinated for both container 1 and container 2 were analysed and then tabulated at every 24 hours. The percentage rate of germination for each container was determined and results analysed. No of seeds germinated Container 1 Container 2 24 hours 11 of 30 6 of 30 48 hours 15 of 30 10 of 30 72 hours 24 of 30 15 of 30 Average after 72 hours 80% 50 Discussion From the results above, it is clear that container 1 had the highest rate of germination compared to container 2. This is because container 1 was mixed with mature compost while container 2 was left with only other growth media. The mature composed will be involved in the supplying the seeds germinating with nutrients and organic matter. The organic matter is very critical in the improving of biological, chemical and physical properties of the soil in which the seeds will be germinating in. The structure of the soil in the container can be improved through bidding between the clay particles and the organic matter by cation bridges and by root growth and microbial activity stimulation(Maheshwari, 2016, p. 158). A mature compost normally has alkaline or neutral pH, an addition of compost from manure will lead to decrease or increase on pH of the soil. A good structure of soil favours the transfer of gas and water in the soils, and growth of roots for the germinating seeds. The incorporation of mature compost increases the level of Gram-positive bacterial, denitrifies in the soil, and the density of ammonia(Jianming, 2010, p. 167) Project Schedule Day 1 to day 2: Preparing the tools and setting up the equipment Day 2 to day 5: performing the experiment Day 6: Gathering the data and plotting graph Day 7 to day 9: Analysing the experiment and performing the experiment again Day 10 to day 12: Makin conclusion and writing report from the experiment Conclusion The major objective of this research proposal is to find out how the compost maturity affects the germination in container growth media for Australian farmers who are interested in using compost which is mature in farming and how the end products of compost will affect the germination in container growth media. The process of composting is a biological term used to describe the process of organic decomposition under certain controlled aerobic conditions. The compost under consideration is made from the backyard and household organic waste which after attaining maturity is used in container growth media to help in the germination of seeds grown in the container. References Acton, Q, 2014. Issues in Agriculture and the Environment: 2013 Edition. London: ScholarlyEditions. Manser, A. K., 2013. Practical Handbook of Processing and Recycling Municipal Waste. Toledo: Accounting. Christensen, K. K., 2015. Development of a Nordic System for Evaluating the Sanitary Quality of Compost. Berlin: Nordic Council of Ministers. Epstein, E., 2016. The Science of Composting. Toledo: CRC Press. Gold, M. V., 2014. Compost. London: DIANE Publishing. Haug, R. T., 2011. The Practical Handbook of Compost Engineering. London: CRC Press. Heribert, I., 2012. Microbes at Work: From Wastes to Resources. Paris: Springer Science Business Media. Heribert, N, 2013. Microbiology of Composting. Colorado: Springer Science Business Media. Hiu-lian X, 2014. Nature Farming and Microbial Applications. Michigan: CRC Press. Howard, W., 2012. Research for small farms: proceedings of the special symposium: invited papers presented at a symposium held November 15-18, 1981, at the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland. Melbourne: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Jianming, H., 2010. Functions of Natural Organic Matter in Changing Environment. Colorado: Springer Science Business Media. Kerr, H. W., 2010. Research for small farms: proceedings of the special symposium. Michigan: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Maheshwari, D. K., 2016. Composting for Sustainable Agriculture. Michigan: management Mansour, A. A., 2014. Effect of Extracted Humus on the Germination and Seedling Growth of Corn. New York: American University of Beirut. Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences. Interfaculty Graduate Environmental Sciences Program. Stoffella, K., 2015. Compost Utilization In Horticultural Cropping Systems. Perth: CRC Press. Redwood, M., 2013. Agriculture in Urban Planning: Generating Livelihoods and Food Security. Paris: Earthscan. The United States. Dept. of Agriculture, 2016. Miscellaneous Publication. New York: U.S. Government Printing Office. Silver, E. S., 2012. Practical Application of Azolla for Rice Production. Michigan: Springer Science Business Media.

Exercise 29 Statistices free essay sample

According to the above data independent groups define as if the two sets of data were not taken from the same subjects and if the scores are not related. In this study subjects are two different genders which is men and women and scores are not even related each other. Therefore this is an independent study. 2. t = ? 3. 15 describes the difference between women and men for what variable in this study? Is this value significant? Provide a rationale for your answer. T = -3. 15 describes the mental health variability. This is a significant value because it’s provides the degree of freedom. According to the data above the significance of a t ratio can be determined by comparison with the critical values in a statistical table for the t distribution using the degree of freedom for the study. The value is significant because p value of it is 0. 002 which is smaller than alpha value set for this test that is 0. We will write a custom essay sample on Exercise 29 Statistices or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 05 3. Is t = ? 1. 99 significant? Provide a rationale for your answer. Discuss the meaning of this result in this study. t = -1. 99 is significant because it represent health functioning variables between men and women which compares men and women for perceived coping, quality of life and social support. Smaller P value indicates more significant findings. The P value for health functioning is 0. 049 which is smaller than the alpha level 0. 05 in this study. 4. Examine the t ratios in Table VI. Which t ratio indicates the largest difference between the males and females post MI in this study? Is this t ratio significant? Provide a rationale for your answer. The largest difference between the males and females post MI indicates the mental health. It has t ratio of -3. 15. This is a significant ratio because it has a p value of 0. 02 which is smaller than alpha value that being sent for 0. 05 5. Consider t = ? 2. 50 and t = ? 2. 54. Which t ratio has the smaller p value? Provide a rationale for your answer. What does this result mean? t = -2. 50 has a p value of 0. 01 whereas t = -2. 54 has the p value of 0. 007 which is smaller than p value of 0. 01. This result means that t = -2. 54 has more significant findings, which indicate that better role- physical after post MI between men and women than the physical component score. 6. What is a Type I error? Is there a risk of a Type I error in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer. According to the data above, a type 1 error occurs when the researcher rejects the null hypothesis when it is in actuality true. The type 1 error is often represented by the Greek letter alpha (a). In this study the level of significance or alpha was set at 0. 05 and multiple p value has gone above 0. 05 such as socioeconomic p value0. 58, family p value 0. 51. Therefore, there is type 1 error in this study. 7. Should a Bonferroni procedure be conducted in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer. Because this study has a risk of a type 1 error, a boneferroni procedure should be conducted. This procedure is used to correct the risk of a type 1 error. The boneferroni procedure is a simple calculation in which the alpha is divided by the number of t-tests run on different aspect of the study data. 8. If researchers conducted 9 t-tests on their study data. What alpha level should be used to determine significant differences between the two groups in the study? Provide your calculations. Alpha/ number of t tests performed on study data = more stringent study to determine the significance of study results 0. 05/9 = 0. 0055. 0. 005 is the alpha level should be used to determine significant differences between the two groups in the study. 9. The authors reported multiple df values in Table VI. Why were different df values reported for this study? The author used multiple df values in table VI because according to the data above, significance of a t ratio can be determined by comparison with the critical values in a statistical table for the t distribution using the degrees of freedom for the study. DF is a mathematical equation that describes the freedom of a particular scores’ value to vary based on the other existing scores values and the sum of the score. The formula for the df = number in group 1+ number in group 2-2. This way author is becoming more specific by providing different df values which shows the comparison and differences between 2 independent groups. 10. What does the t value for the Physical Component Score tell you about men and women post MI? If this result was consistent with previous research, how might you use this knowledge in your practice? The t value tells us about the differences between men and women post MI physical component score. In my practice using this t value, I would be able to work differently between men and women after post MI. Teaching might provide to women more about physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain and general health since these are all included in physical component score. The physical component score for women is 48. 5 compared to men 51. 1 (standard deviation). Therefore, women might need to educate more about the physical components than men.

5 Lessons Writers Should Learn From Cormac McCarthy

5 Lessons Writers Should Learn From Cormac McCarthy Arguably one of the most important American writers of our time, Cormac McCarthy has written ten award-winning novels spanning the Southern Gothic, Western, and Post-Apocalyptic genres. His 1985 epic Western masterpiece, Blood Meridian: Or The Evening Redness in the West, made it to Time Magazines list of the 100 best English-language books published since 1923. Literary critic Harold Bloom called it the greatest single book since Faulkners As I Lay Dying.McCarthys 1992 romantic Contemporary Western, All the Pretty Horses, was adapted into a screenplay starring Matt Damon, and won the National Book Award and National Book Critics Circle Award. As a New York Times bestseller, it sold 190,000 hardcover copies within the first six months it was available on shelves. His 2005 crime thriller, No Country for Old Men, another novel, except one that was originally written as a screenplay, took home four Academy Awards including Best Picture and Best Adapted Screenplay.Perhaps his most well-k nown book, the 2006 Post-Apocalyptic novel, The Road, won the 2007 Pulitzer Prize and the James Tait Black Memorial Prize for Fiction, and was ranked by the Times as one of the 100 best fiction and non-fiction books of the past 10 years. It was later adapted into a film starring Viggo Mortensen.As a Tennessee-native writer maintaining the stereotypical description of a recluse, McCarthy has granted few interviews. This interview with Oprah Winfrey shows McCarthys shy, humble nature, and reveals much of how he feels about writing and the writing process. Other interviews with Rolling Stone, Wall Street Journal, The New York Times offer glimpses of McCarthys suggestions (however humble) for achieving the same level of fame he has achieved with his writing.Lesson #1: Brilliant characterization can be more powerful than plotMcCarthys works are best known for their exceptional and unforgettable characters. Even the bad guys are fascinating, with actions and words that make their characte rization run deep (for example, Anton Chigurh meticulously cleaning his boots after brutally slaying someone in No Country for Old Men). Much of this is due to his refusal to plot out his stories, but rather, to write them as they develop in his subconscious.Screenshot from the film adaptation of No Country for Old MenIn that elusive interview with Oprah Winfrey, he states: You cant plot things out. You just have to trust in, you know, wherever it comes from. Oprah seems surprised when he states this, as she mentions other writers she has interviewed who held vastly different views on the importance of plotting a novel before writing it. It is obvious from both the interview and McCarthys works that he is not the kind of writer who enjoys interviews or marketing ploys to advertise his books. He is as shy and awkward as he is talented, and its a breath of fresh air in a world where writers go on press binges for lesser works.In his interview with David Kushner of Rolling Stone McCart hy states, I just sit down and write whatever is interesting. If youre writing mystery stories or something, you might want to have an outline, because it all has to have a logic and fall into place and have a beginning, a middle and an end. But if youre writing a novel, the best things just sort of come out of the blue. Its a subconscious process. You dont really know what youre doing most of the time.Here, its important to understand that McCarthy recognizes a need for intricate plots in certain genres- and therefore, intricate outlines before beginning the writing process- but points out it isnt needed for all fiction writing. This is especially true if you want characterization to be the focus of your novel. In many cases, particularly when your subconscious is as finely tuned as McCarthys, allowing your instincts as a writer to take over is all that is needed to create unforgettable characters readers love (or love to hate).Lesson #2: Optimism and luck go a long way in the life of a writerIts easy to see, especially during Oprah Winfreys interview with McCarthy, that the novelist is both humble and an optimist- despite the grim settings and scenarios he so beautifully depicts with his words. Throughout his interviews, he consistently mentions those who are more brilliant than him gracing him with their presence and thoughts.In the Wall Street Journal interview, he states, There was never a person born since Adam whos been luckier than me. Nothing has happened to me that hasnt been perfect. And Im not being facetious. Theres never been a time when I was penniless and down, when something wouldnt arrive. Over and over and over again. Enough to make you superstitious.Lesson #3: Creative work is often driven by pain and is catharticIn his interview with Wall Street Journal, McCarthy states, Creative work is often driven by pain. It may be that if you dont have something in the back of your head driving you nuts, you may not do anything. Its not a good arrange ment. If I were God, I wouldnt have done it that way.McCarthy also mentions how after he has written something and psychologically processed his pain through those words, the context and content are no longer of interest to him. He explains it as the interests being flattened and used up, and mentions this as one of the reasons he doesnt read his own books after he has written them. Essentially, his cathartic process is over when the last word is written, and thus of no more use to him.This could be especially useful for writers who agonize over their baby after the work is completed: The pain has been written, its time to move on.This way of processing his internal struggle into and through his writing is part of what makes McCarthys writing so intense- and so viscerally human. His characters experience great interior conflict and suffer through horrifying situations, and McCarthy doesnt shy away from dealing with these struggles. He even focuses in on them with intense description - minimalistic and brutal- such as when he wrote the following passage in The Road:He walked out in the gray light and stood and he saw for a brief moment the absolute truth of the world. The cold relentless circling of the intestate earth. Darkness implacable. The blind dogs of the sun in their running. The crushing black vacuum of the universe. And somewhere two hunted animals trembling like ground-foxes in their cover. Borrowed time and borrowed world and borrowed eyes with which to sorrow it.From Cormac McCarthys The RoadScreenshot from the film adaptation of The Road, a novel that offers a bleak description of the human condition.Lesson #4: Stay interested in life and deathIn his few interviews, McCarthy details his interest in the physical world and science- even from the time he was young. In fact, in his undergraduate studies, he focused on physics and engineering. In his interview for Rolling Stone, McCarthy says, Its interesting to know how the world works. People ask me, Why are you interested in physics? But why would you not be? To me, the most curious thing of all is incuriosity. I just dont get it.Part of his fascination with science is its focus on the life cycle. If it doesnt concern life and death, its not interesting, says McCarthy. In fact, much of this fascination affected the crowds he chose to be around throughout his life, least of which were fellow writers. The artsy crowd was all dressed and drugged and ready to party, he recalls. I just started hanging out with scientists because they were more interesting.It is this fascination with death that both hindered McCarthys early success and later propelled it, making him the unforgettable writer he is. When you read a death scene in a McCarthy novel, or even a near-death scene, you understand his unique gift for describing the horrors of humanitys fear of it.For example, in his book Outer Dark, published in 1968 while McCarthy lived on the island of Ibiza, he writes about a girls search f or her baby, who was born because of incest. The brother of the girl later witnesses the death of his child at a campfire in the rural South and McCarthys brutal narrative style packs a dark punch:Holme saw the blade wink in the light like a long cats eye slant and malevolent and a dark smile erupted on the childs throat and went all broken down the front of it. The child made no sound. It hung there with its one eye glazing over like a wet stone and the black blood pumping down its naked belly.From Cormac McCarthys Outer DarkThere is no over-description or Faulknerian detail. The childs death is as short as its life, and equally as appalling. Its this refusal to look away from death that brings so much life (and depth) to McCarthys writing.Lesson #5: Understand that good writing requires rewritingIn the Rolling Stone interview, McCarthy stresses that much of the rigor of the writing process is in rewriting after a first draft. Writing is rewriting, he says. Someone said easy writin g makes for hard reading. McCarthy is notorious for leaving out unnecessary words and even skipping over punctuation that doesnt suit the flow of dialogue. And names! We never know the name of the man and the boy in The Road. Mainly thats because- we dont need to!Names are not necessary in The Road, since characterization runs so deep.In fact, McCarthy enjoys the process of editing work that has already been written, particularly editing scientific manuscripts written by other writers. McCarthy frequently proofreads scientific papers and books by Santa Fe Institutes focused studies on an emerging science called complexity. According to Kushners article, its the study of the complex systems behind our lives- from climate patterns to human societies- and how they evolve and adapt. Specifically, McCarthy copyedited a manuscript written by Harvard physicist Lisa Randall exploring the hidden dimensions of the universe. She mentions that he removed many semicolons, which he apparently doe snt like at all.Final takeawayCormac McCarthy has much to offer writers who seek to learn how to write bestselling novels. However, due to his humble and reclusive nature as an author, writers need to dig a little deeper into his words to learn those lessons. Ive offered you the shovel- the depth to which you dig is entirely up to you.

Deviant behavior Prostitution

Deviant behavior Prostitution Deviant behavior is an act that breaches the cultural norms. Norms are considered to be the behavior standards that define the actions that are acceptable in the society. Thus they form a paradigm for predicting actions or behaviors in the society. This means that deviance is any â€Å"thought, feeling or act† (Clinard Meier, 2008, p. 45) that according to the social audience’s judgment violates the cultural norms (formal or informal rules) or values.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Deviant behavior: Prostitution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper will focus on prostitution as a deviant behavior. It will begin by defining prostitution and explaining why it is considered to be a deviant behavior. Then two sociological theories namely, the labeling theory and the differential association theory will be used to explain why the behavior continues to exist. Finally, the paper will end by discussing the reasons as to why prostitution is best explained by the differential association theory. Prostitution Prostitution is defined as â€Å"the act or practice of providing sexual services to another person in return of payment† (Clinard Meier, 2008, p. 68). Thus the person who offers such services is referred to as a prostitute. In some countries the act is legalized and regulated by the government while in others it is illegal and attracts severe punishment. Prostitution is some times viewed as a profession since there is a significant level of expertise or skills and practice that is required in order to successfully offer the services (Clinard Meier, 2008, p. 69). According to religious teachings, prostitution is considered to be a sinful act that should be condemned. The social audience also has a negative attitude towards it since they believe that sex is meant for procreation and not for mere pleasure. Thus commercializing it is unacceptable (Clinard Meier, 2008, p. 69). The medical perspective on prostitution condemns the act on the ground that it facilitates the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Thus prostitution is labeled as a deviant behavior since it does not meet the standards of morality as defined by religious perspectives, health principles and social perspectives. The prostitutes are thus labeled as deviants due to the fact that they â€Å"willfully sell their bodies in exchange for material things† (Taylor, 2010, p. 59). The causes of prostitution are as follows. First, the rising levels of permissiveness in the society have provided an opportunity for individuals to engage in deviant behaviors without being punished (Taylor, 2010, p. 63). Second, rising levels of poverty has forced people to engage in the act in order to earn a living. Finally, the rise in cases of failed relationships and marriages has forced the affected individuals to embark on prostitution in order to fulfill their sexual desires. Sociological Pe rspectives Differential Association Theory According to this theory, criminal or deviant behaviors develop through learning. This means that deviance is not an inherent trait of the individual since it only develops as the deviant learns about the outlawed acts from others. The learning occurs as individuals interact by â€Å"communicating ideas and symbols† (Taylor, 2010, p. 71).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The symbols and ideas in regard to deviance can be favorable or unfavorable. Thus a person will take the favorable symbols and ideas, especially if they outweigh the unfavorable ones. This means that a person will engage in a deviant behavior if the merits are greater than the demerits. In the context of prostitution, the behavior is usually learned as individuals share their ideas about sexuality. Besides, most people usually join the sex industry after learning about the material benefits that are associated with prostitution. Research studies in sex industry reveal that the success of the practitioners depends on the level of their expertise or skills (Clinard Meier, 2008, p. 67). Such skills are usually acquired as prostitutes interact and share ideas on prostitution. Besides, advancement in communication technology such as the introduction of the internet has made it easy to share information on prostitution. This encourages individuals to join the sex industry as they learn more about it. These trends show that learning is an integral aspect of prostitution. Thus according to the differential association theory, prostitution continues to gain popularity in the society as individuals learn about it from each other through their interactions. The Labeling Theory According to this theory, deviance is created as members of the society formulate norms whose violation amounts to deviance (Taylor, 2010, p. 73). Labeling in this cas e is the process whereby the members of the society judge the actions of individuals based on accepted norms and then stereotype such actions as either deviant or not. Thus it involves the â€Å"invention, selection and manipulation of beliefs that define conduct in a negative way† (Clinard Meier, 2008, p. 76). This forms the basis for labeling individuals as deviants. Thus according to this theory, deviance occurs when an individual is labeled as a wicked person. After sometime, the deviant person internalizes the label and focuses on engaging in acts that are associated with the label. This theory suggests that prostitution is a social construction that can cease to exist if those who engage in it are not labeled as deviants (Taylor, 2010, p. 73). The society usually punishes those found to engage in prostitution. However, this does not prevent such individuals from engaging in the act. As they continue to engage in prostitution, they get more severe punishments and stigma from the community. Eventually the prostitutes accept their status and continue to engage in prostitution. This means that the actions of the prostitutes are reinforced by the punishments that they receive from the community. This is based on the fact that prostitutes are considered to be outcasts.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Deviant behavior: Prostitution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus they continue to engage in prostitution due to the fact that they can not be accepted by the society. This means that, according to the labeling theory, individuals practice the act because they have been labeled as prostitutes. It also means that prostitution continues to exist since the punishments used against it reinforce the actions of those who engage in it. Conclusion The above discussion shows that prostitution is considered to be a deviant behavior. The reason as to why a person can engage in prostitution and the persistence of the act in the society is best explained by the differential association theory. This is because prostitution just like any other behavior is learned through interaction (Clinard Meier, 2008, p. 64). Thus individuals continue to engage in it after realizing that the gains are more than the costs. Prostitution does not exist simply because those who engage in it have been labeled as deviants as suggested by the labeling theory. This can be proved by the fact that even in countries where the act has been legalized; its popularity has increased instead of diminishing. Besides, consequences such as stigmatization have resulted into a significant reduction in the prevalence of the act instead of perpetuating it. However, it is apparent that an increase in availability of prostitution literature and free interaction has significantly increased the popularity of the act in the society. It is for this reason that differential association theory is considered to be the best in explaining prostitution and its prevalence in the society. References Clinard, M., Meier, R. (2008). Sociology of deviant behavior. New York: Cengage. Taylor, H. (2010). Sociology. New York: Cengage.

Managerial Economics Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managerial Economics Assignment - Essay Example Given the implicit link that is found between market growth and the elements of well-being (e.g. levels of employment and consumption), GDP is often regarded as a proxy indicator for human development and well-being. However, this relationship between economic growth and social welfare is not straight. Soon after the inception of GDP, the interpretation and its use as a proxy for social welfare received much criticism which included some of the most established thinkers in economics such as Joseph Stiglitz, Amartya Sen and Muhammad Yunus (Wesselink, et al., 2007, p.3). GDP is limited in the sense that it does not put in a number of factors that can determine the well being of the people and nature such as the value for non-market goods and services like an ecosystem services, for unpaid labor, and leisure or in distributional issues. Several measures like aggregated single number indicators, indicator sets, and satellite accounts have been formed that can act as the complements to GD P and in related economic indicators (Wesselink, et al., 2007, p.5). Standard of living and GDP GDP per capita is not a proper measure for the standard of living found in an economy (Economics, 1958, p.310). However, it is frequently used to be such an indicator based on the rationale that all people in a country would be befitting from their country's higher economic production. Similarly, GDP per capita is not an accurate measure for personal income (Eckes, 2011, p.7). GDP can increase while the real incomes of the majority decline. The major advantage of using GDP per capita to be an indicator for standard of living is that GDP per capita is measured frequently, widely, and consistently. It is measured frequently in several countries as they provide information on GDP on quarterly basis, allowing the trends to be understood by the analysts quickly. It is measured widely in the sense that some indicators of GDP are always available in almost every country of the world, which allow s inter-country comparisons. It is measured consistently as the technical definition for GDP is relatively same or consistent among the countries (Muljadi, n.d, p.14). Despite of these features, it is not considered to be a good measure for the standard of living. The argument favoring the use of GDP as a proxy for the standard-of-living is not that fact that GDP of a nation is a good indicator for the absolute level of standard of living, but the fact that the living standard tends to move with the per-capita GDP, so that the changes in the living standards are easily detected by the changes in GDP (Muljadi, n.d, p.14). GDP versus real GDP GDP = consumption (personal + government spending) + business (non-financial) investment + net exports (exports - imports). It is essential to know the real definition of GDP which is that it is used to measure the total production in a country. It is a metric for economic activity. As such, the exact value of GDP has very little relevance. Inste ad, the economy of a country is interested mostly in the changes in GDP, or in the comparisons between countries or in different time periods. As the change in GDP over a certain time is important, one has to carefully consider the impacts of inflation. An inflation rate of say 5% would automatically lead to a 5% increase in GDP (assuming the inflation metric is a reasonably representative of the prices for the entire economy)